PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION OF MARINE AMMONIA UTILIZATION POWER PLANTS

Abstract

Introduction. One of the main ways of utilization of secondary low-energy thermal resources of marine diesel installations is the use of utilization power plants on lowboiling working fluids. A certain problem is the choice of a rational low-boiling working fluid since there are significant negative points in the use of traditional working fluids. For example, halon is characterized by low thermal resistance, high fluidity, significant cost, etc., while hydrocarbons are characterized by flammability. Purpose. To analyze schemes and characteristics of various ammonia power plants in order to substantiate the areas of their rational application in the energy industry, including shipbuilding. Results. Various aspects of the use of ammonia as a working fluid are considered. To this day ammonia is the main working fluid considered in the designing and constructing of ocean thermal power plants for both tropical and arctic regions. The results of the research on the schemes for the utilization of low-potential heat of ship diesel plants at the National Shipbuilding University (Mykolaiv) show that ammonia belongs to the group of working fluids that provide the highest thermodynamic indicators of utilization power plants. Another field of transport implementation of ammonia utilization power plants is space solar energy plants, designed both for the power supply of large space stations and for the transfer of electrical energy to Earth in the future. One more promising direction of utilization of low-potential heat waste is water-ammonia mixture utilization power plants. A comparative analysis of various schemes of ammonia power plants, their thermodynamic, technical and economic characteristics was carried out. Ammonia is one of the most promising working fluids of utilization power plants due to its indisputable advantages. Conclusions. The results of scientific researches, design developments and industrial operations confirm the high efficiency of ammonia utilization power plants for a wide range of applications in the energy sector: from the ocean to space.