ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE IN DESIGNING FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF CITY STREETS AND ROADS

Abstract

Introduction. The questions of the influence of the relief on the conditions for the formation of functional zones of development and the road network in the territories of cities are considered. Undoubtedly, changes in the state of the relief have a significant impact on the process of tracing city streets and roads during design. The planning of the road network is one of the most important components in the territory of cities, which is associated with the terrain. The relief significantly affects the overall composition of the building. Particular attention should be paid to the arrangement of surface drains. Improving traffic conditions, improving the operation of street and road networks is possible, taking into account their functional properties and classification. In our country, there is a regulatory document DBN V.2.3-5-2018, which divides into: main roads, main streets of citywide significance with continuous and controlled traffic, main streets of regional significance, local industrial and warehouse roads and streets. Taking into account a significant number of accidents and conflict situations, taking into account foreign experience aimed at improving the safety and comfort of movement on the territory of cities, the issues in the Ministry of Regional Development of Ukraine on introducing changes in the classification of city streets and roads according to their functional purpose were considered. An analysis of many years of foreign experience, where functional classifications of streets and roads are used, indicates positive characteristics for a long time. The purpose of the article is to analyze foreign experience in designing a functional classification of city streets and roads, aimed at improving street and road networks in Ukrainian cities. It is important to consider the criteria for functional classifications used in European countries. Results. The analysis of European classifications and basic design standards was carried out by the Committee on Urban Areas of the World Road Association (PIARC), and a special project ARTISTS was carried out within the framework of the programs of the European Commission. It should be noted that European classifications, compared with North American ones, are significantly distinguished by a greater variety of functional characteristics in functional classifications. Particular attention should be paid to the classification of city streets and roads in the UK. This lies in the fact that the English classification, as well as the rationing of the speed of movement, is almost a tradition with high rates of traffic safety even by European standards. Also a distinctive feature in the classifications of England is their rationality. The development of these documents and their approval is carried out in cities and counties. The competence of local legislation is the requirements for building rules and focuses on the categories of streets that are most characteristic and important in a given municipality. There are classifications for Greater London, the City District, and also classifications for small towns and counties. Conclusion. In Britain, much attention is paid to the local network and the development of street and road classifications in small towns and settlements. The English experience in the development of local street design standards may find suitable use in our country.