SAFETY OF MARITIME TRANSPORTATION OF HIGH-DENSITY BULK CARGOES

Abstract

Introduction. Ensuring the safety of maritime transportation of high-density bulk cargo is also a critical aspect of maritime logistics and requires the development and implementation of a set of measures necessary to ensure the safety of such transportation. This article addresses the problem of cargo liquefaction on a ship during a voyage and its impact on stability and safety. The research is based on the analysis of statistical data and physical and chemical properties of cargoes, structural features of the vessel and the impact of the external environment. The peculiarities of the cargo acceptance procedure, control over its condition during transportation, and signs of vulnerability of nickel, aluminum and iron ore to liquefaction, which requires a thorough check of the cargo moisture content before loading, are emphasized. This paper investigates the dangers of cargo liquefaction during transportation, which is a process during which the cargo becomes less dense and capable of movement and displacement, which can lead to undesirable consequences, including a shift in the ship's center of gravity, a decrease in metacentric height, and a deterioration in its stability. Objective. The main purpose of the article is to understand the problem of cargo liquefaction during sea transportation and to develop and implement appropriate safety measures to ensure the safety of such transportation. Results. A simplified mathematical model is proposed that takes into account the geometry of the ship's hull, sea waves, wind speed and other factors to predict the displacement of liquefied cargo. Conclusions. Calculations and modeling make it possible to estimate the probability of cargo liquefaction and take appropriate safety measures, emphasizing the importance of monitoring cargo conditions, applying precautions and ensuring crew safety to prevent cargo liquefaction on board.